{"id":4453,"date":"2019-11-15T11:24:38","date_gmt":"2019-11-15T04:24:38","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.asiapropertyawards.com\/?p=4453"},"modified":"2021-06-04T14:45:03","modified_gmt":"2021-06-04T07:45:03","slug":"green-up-time-for-asias-polluted-cities","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.asiapropertyawards.com\/en\/green-up-time-for-asias-polluted-cities\/","title":{"rendered":"Green-up time for Asia\u2019s polluted cities"},"content":{"rendered":"

In Asia where 90 of the world\u2019s most polluted cities are located, the implementation of green technologies and solutions by developing nations will make or break the continent\u2019s environmental future<\/p>\n

\"\"
Quality Stock Arts\/Shutterstock<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

The construction industry has reached crisis point. According to the United Nations, the global real estate sector accounts for somewhere between 30 to 40 percent of the world\u2019s carbon emissions. Meanwhile, the World Health Organization (WHO) estimates that 91 percent of the global population lives in areas with unsafe air pollution. It also reports that 4.2 million people die per year as a result of outdoor air pollution. WHO\u2019s detailed map of ambient air pollution around the world targets Central and Southeast Asia as among the worst affected areas.<\/p>\n

In reaction, this decade has seen a mood swing among governments around the world, as they wake up to the fact that action is needed to curb the emissions of an industry that will not police itself. The Paris Agreement of 2016 sets out a common cause for all 194 member states and the European Union to fight climate change, while the Addis Ababa Action Agenda, ratified by all 174 of the United Nations member states, puts in place a framework for financial and economic growth to align with social and environmental priorities.<\/p>\n

Against this backdrop, Asian governments are putting in place substantive guidelines and goals for the construction industry, with several nations even setting the pace for environmental policy around the world.<\/p>\n

While the rigorously plotted Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED) guidelines constitute the international standard for environmentally conscious design, Singapore\u2019s Building and Construction Authority (BCA) has its own widely praised certification process. In place since 2005, the Green Mark (GM) scheme offers cash incentives to any developer who achieves a Gold standard or above for environmental building practices.<\/p>\n

\u201cUrban Redevelopment Authority land bid guidelines and various BCA assessments such as the Green Mark requirement promote and incentivise high green plot ratio development,\u201d says Henry Woon, director of environmental design consultancy Atelier Ten\u2019s Singapore office. \u201cThese are very effective in pushing developers to implement green spaces.\u201d<\/p>\n

One building to recently achieve GM\u2019s highest status, Platinum, is the new Yang Kee Warehouse by LOGOS Property. The seven-storey site makes an estimated energy saving of 1.77 million kilowatt hours per year, according to the BCA\u2019s assessment, and water savings of nearly 20,000 cubic metres. The building also incorporates an air-conditioning system designed to meet an efficiency of 0.73 kilowatts per ton of refrigeration (most systems operate at around 1.22 kW\/RT), high-efficiency LED lighting, a sky garden, and an internal courtyard that, as well as creating native draft, also \u201cenhances the wellbeing and surroundings.\u201d<\/p>\n

For developers, achieving GM Platinum status means that 50 percent of costs on the building\u2019s energy \u201chealth check\u201d will be borne by the BCA, while they will also gain a two percent increase in the gross floor area permitted over and above the development\u2019s gross plot ratio.<\/p>\n

Urban Redevelopment Authority land bid guidelines and various BCA assessments such as the Green Mark requirement promote and incentivise high green plot ratio development. These are very effective in pushing developers to implement green spaces<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

Alongside Hong Kong and Japan, Singapore is one of three Asian nations that place in the top 10 of the World Economic Forum\u2019s Global Competitiveness Index (GCI), which ranks countries according to their productivity, infrastructure, and labour market, among other key civic categories. Not incidentally, nations that place highly in the GCI also tend to be the most proactive at pursuing green policies and initiatives.<\/p>\n

\u201cHigh-income countries, both in the region and around the world, are leading the way in pursuing green-growth initiatives,\u201d writes Daniele Ponzi of the Asian Development Bank in his 2019 research paper, The Business of Greening: Policy Measures for Green Business Development in Asia.<\/p>\n

While the paper concludes that environmental policies in developing Asian economies can be slow-moving, ineffective or simply unenforced, Ponzi also notes that \u201ca number of middle- and low-income countries are challenging the \u2018grow now, clean up later\u2019 approach and have also made commitments to green growth.\u201d<\/p>\n

The Philippines ranks at just 56 on the GCI, far behind Indonesia at 36 and Thailand at 32, yet it has made recent strides to keep up with the most developed nations\u2019 environmental construction commitments. \u201cThe Philippines has its own share of robust legislation focused on sustainability and protecting the environment,\u201d says Jean Jacquelyn Nathania A. de Castro, CEO of ESCA Inc., a Philippines-based engineering and design consultancy.<\/p>\n

\u201cThe Energy Efficiency and Conservation Act is awaiting the signature of the President to become law,\u201d de Castro continues. \u201cIt seeks to standardise energy efficiency and conservation measures in the country by regulating the use of energy-efficient technologies in buildings. It provides for the development of a National and Local Energy Efficiency and Conservation Plan, which will include guidelines on energy-conserving design on buildings in the issuance of building permits.\u201d<\/p>\n

More: Meet the sustainability guru pushing Asia\u2019s green building agenda<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n

De Castro cites developers including The NET Group and Arthaland as companies that are leading the trend for green real estate in the Philippines, as well as Imperial Homes, which has provided solar-powered energy in the low-cost housing sector. \u201cGoing green is not only for those who can afford it,\u201d she surmises.<\/p>\n

While significant reductions in carbon emissions will only result from active and well-enforced legislation, the property market throughout Asia has at least seen a trend for self-governance towards \u201cgreen design\u201d as it relates to a project\u2019s visual presence and immediate environment.<\/p>\n

Landscaping, whether it be from vertical green walls, park-like common areas or integrated planting initiatives, plays an increasingly important role in modern real estate.<\/p>\n

In markets like Indonesia where township development\u2014large, self-contained new suburbs, usually on the outskirts of commercial centres\u2014thrives, parks and green recreational space are a core component of any housing project. The result is developments like Kota Baru Parahyangan, a sprawling new city in West Java with a self-described \u201cGarden City concept,\u201d as well as the capacity to house 100,000 residents. Its 116-hectare footprint is expected to take 20 years to complete.<\/p>\n

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Kota Baru Parahyangan in West Java is an exemplar of the township model where parks and green recreational space are core components of any housing project<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

On a scale more suited to dense urban environments, Hong Kong\u2019s Mount Pavilia is indicative of contemporary condominium \u201cgreen\u201d design trends. Serene white, curvaceous walls stand behind shrouds of foliage amid rolling, golf green-smooth lawns that have won it a fistful of awards for landscaping, including the HK Green Building Award 2016, FuturArc Green Leadership Award 2018, and Asia Property Awards 2018 Best Condo Development (Hong Kong).<\/p>\n

\u201cHong Kong has a sophisticated and distinctive approach to landscaping supported by its local landscape institutes,\u201d says Christian Dierckxsens, landscape design director at the Hong Kong-based Atkins Global architecture firm. \u201cThere are a wide range of constraints to be considered by the local landscape architect. These include green ratio percentages, preservation of existing trees or integrating a percentage of public realm as part of the development.\u201d<\/p>\n

However, Dierckxsens warns again conflating landscaping with environmental design. \u201cIntelligent landscaping is very effective at reducing a project\u2019s energy footprint, but it requires more than the random integration of green building measures. For example, a large tree within a building lobby is not necessarily contributing to the reduction of the building\u2019s energy footprint,\u201d he points out.<\/p>\n

Low or even net-zero energy buildings\u2014developments that produce the same amount of energy as they consume\u2014are only possible by embracing the latest technologies. \u201cWith worsening consequences from climate change being felt even more today, these buildings will have to become the standard or the norm in the future,\u201d says de Castro.<\/p>\n

\"\"
Yang Kee Warehouse by Logos Property makes an estimated energy saving of 1.77 million kilowatt hours per year and water savings of nearly 20,000 cubic metres<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

She outlines three measures the region needs to adopt if net-zero energy consumption is to become a reality: Building Information Modelling (BIM), Integrated Building Management Systems, and Integrated Project Delivery as the delivery method.<\/p>\n

In practice since the 1980s (although not under the name \u201cBuilding Information Modelling\u201d until the early 2000s), BIM allows developers to digitally log and manage all of a building\u2019s information models. Its capacity for energy management is vast. On top of providing dynamic models that allow for collaboration between designers, engineers, and constructors, BIMs can substantially lessen a building\u2019s consumption of resources, whether through monitoring and controlling utilities or identifying and communicating maintenance faults, from water leaks to excessive energy consumption.<\/p>\n

More: Green walls rise with Asia\u2019s skyscrapers<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n

Many of Asia\u2019s most developed economies have long mandated BIM in all government-led developments. Singapore and Japan, for example, both integrated their BIM strategies in the early 2010s, in line with European markets like the U.K. and Germany. Others are now following suit. Since January 2018, the Government of Hong Kong has directed that all government projects over USD3.8 million must incorporate BIM, while Malaysia has set a target of 2020 for its stage 2 BIM development program in its 2016-2020 Construction Industry Transformation Program.<\/p>\n

The proptech involved in successful BIM is at the forefront of green development practices, driven by a building\u2019s capacity to collect data on itself.<\/p>\n

\"\"
Asian cities score poorly in surveys of the world\u2019s most polluted conurbations. One of the worst offenders currently is Gurugram in India, pictured<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

\u201cBuildings should be able to monitor key metrics for performance, safety, health, and wellbeing and provide feedback so that the building can respond to the needs of its tenants,\u201d Chungha Cha, co-founder of Korea\u2019s Re-Imagining Cities Foundation, a non-profit organization that aims to accelerate green real estate development with technological innovation. \u201cIf the buildings fall out of the required range of performance for energy, resources and health-and-wellbeing metrics, severe penalties should be paid.\u201d<\/p>\n

Currently, however, there are few\u2014if any\u2014developers in the region who fully embrace the potential of proptech to offset carbon emissions. How to make them? Through government policies, according to Cha. \u201cA huge gap currently exists between the measures that developments are willing to introduce and those that are required to create genuinely zero-waste development,\u201d he says.<\/p>\n

While Asia continues to slowly adapt to leading international energy consumption standards like LEED and BREEAM, other parts of the world are proving that zero-energy development is possible. In California, hopes are high that the state will introduce 100,000 new zero-energy homes by 2020, setting an example for future development everywhere. In 2017, developer De Young Properties began construction of three communities near Fresno slated to be among the first net-zero energy homes in the state.<\/p>\n

\"\"
Singapore is regularly rated as a poster child for sustainability in Asia, ranking in the top ten of the World Economic Forum\u2019s Global Competitiveness Index (GCI), an indicator of proactiveness in pursuing a green agenda<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

\u201cWe need to follow what California is doing by requiring all residential units to be net-zero energy,\u201d says Cha. \u201cWe must drive down our GHG emissions emitted from buildings to battle pollution and climate change. Buildings must also have systems to approach zero water and zero waste.\u201d<\/p>\n

Meanwhile in Asia, the World Health Organization\u2019s PM2.5 graphs tell a frightening story. All of the world\u2019s 90 most polluted cities are located in the continent, according to statistics unveiled in March 2019. While China accounts for a vast portion of the list, it is joined by India, Pakistan and several Middle Eastern states as the worst PM2.5 offenders.<\/p>\n

The adaptation of green technologies and solutions by developing nations will dictate the environmental future of the region. Positive legislation, both from economically rich and developing states, shows that the green movement is growing. But it will only gain momentum through consistent enforcement and strong political stance.<\/p>\n

This article originally appeared in Issue No. 154<\/a> of PropertyGuru Property Report Magazine<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Asia\u2019s overheating cities may just find the lifeline they need through the implementation of green technologies and solutions<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":8,"featured_media":20366,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[81,97],"tags":[258,461,490,462],"class_list":["post-4453","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-in-depth","category-magazine","tag-climate-change","tag-green-building","tag-pollution","tag-sustainability","news_country-asia","news_author-oliver-irvine"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nGreen-up time for Asia\u2019s polluted cities | Asia Property Awards<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" 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